Martial law and international education in South Korea: Is South Korea's Goal Under Threat?

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In December 2024, South Korea faced significant political instability when President Yoon Suk Yeol declared martial law, a decision that was quickly rescinded by the National Assembly amidst widespread opposition. This brief but impactful episode has had lasting repercussions, particularly on the country's higher education sector, which is vital to its international reputation and demographic strategy.

The crisis disrupted South Korea's ambitious goal of attracting 300,000 international students by 2027, a cornerstone of its efforts to counteract population decline and workforce shortages. International students, previously drawn to South Korea for its safety and democratic stability, began to reconsider their plans, with some expediting their departures. The situation highlighted vulnerabilities in South Korea's efforts to position itself as a global education hub, undermining recent achievements, such as surpassing 200,000 international students in 2024.

The political turmoil is particularly concerning for universities outside the Seoul metropolitan area, which heavily rely on international students to offset financial challenges caused by declining domestic enrollment. This reliance underscores the critical role of international students in South Korea's higher education landscape and the risks posed by geopolitical instability.

Historically, incidents such as North Korea's provocations and the 2017 THAAD deployment have disrupted international student flows, underscoring the sector's sensitivity to external crises. The martial law declaration further underscores the need for robust crisis management and clear communication to reassure students and their families.

To recover, South Korea must prioritize rebuilding trust among international students by emphasizing its resilience, democratic values, and commitment to safety. Policymakers and universities should invest in crisis management systems and reinforce initiatives like the Global Korea Scholarship, streamlined visa processes, and English-taught programs. By addressing these challenges proactively, South Korea can restore its image as a stable and attractive destination for higher education.

* This is a summary of the article published in the Korea Herald in January 2025. For the original work, please visit https://www.koreaherald.com/article/10404397.

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